A ballistic separator uses a series of oscillating paddles or an inclined deck with a rotating shaft to propel waste materials.

Ballistic separation is a waste sorting technology that uses inclined, oscillating paddles to separate mixed waste into three main fractions: 3D (rolling/rigid) like bottles and cans; 2D (flat/flexible) like paper and cardboard; and fines (small particles) that fall through the screens, based on shape, density, and weight, crucial for recycling and waste-to-fuel processes.